THE MAGIC OF NUMBERS IN A FOLK TALE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UKRAINIAN AND TURKISH FAIRY TALES

Abstract

The article analyses the symbolism of numbers in Ukrainian and Turkish folk tales. The study of numbers in the tale genre has revealed cultural parallels and differences in the tale genre of two different nations. It proves that numerical symbols are an important part of folklore heritage, as they not only structure narratives, but also reflect the worldview, religious beliefs and moral values of society. The numbers 3, 7, 12, and 40 in different folklore systems acquire special meanings that are transmitted through fairy tales and legends. An analysis of the frequency and role of each of these numbers in Ukrainian and Turkish fairy tales suggests that numerical symbolism has a sacred and communicative function. In particular, the number three in both cultures is associated with completeness, completeness and cyclicality, but has its own cultural peculiarities: in the Ukrainian tradition, it often denotes the completion of stages or trials, and in the Turkish tradition, it means success after two previous attempts. The number seven in Ukrainian and Turkish folklore is also sacred and symbolises magic and mystery, uniting the heavenly and the earthly. However, while in Ukrainian culture it is associated with spiritual harmony, in Turkish culture it acquires the features of divine power. The number 40 is less common in the Ukrainian fairy tale tradition, but in Turkish folklore it occupies a special place and is associated with the process of purification and symbolises a period of renewal. A comparative analysis shows that numerical symbolism in Ukrainian and Turkish fairy tales, despite the similarity of certain motifs, has its own unique features due to religious and socio-cultural influences. The symbolism of numbers in the folklore of these peoples forms a rich world of images that serves as an important channel for preserving national identity and transmitting cultural memory from generation to generation. The study allows us to better understand the historical, religious and social relations between the two peoples, revealing both universal symbolic motifs and cultural specifics.