LITERARY VERSION OF THE COLLECTIVE MEMORY IN MEMOIRS PROSE OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA: ETHNOPSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT

Abstract

There have been considered the literary version of collective memory in the diaspora's memoir prose, through the analysis of the ethnopsychological characteristics of Ukrainian abroad. Using the works of M. Albvax, Y. Lotman, J. Assman, P. Ricker and others, in the article there have been analyzed biographical essay about Vasyl Perepeliuk “By New Roads” (compiled by Natalia Koguska), and Anna Leskiv-Kit “Zakerson Fates. Memory of the village of Korchmin”, Margarita Pylypchiuk “How the past was lost”. The author of the memory uses autobiographical memory, that is the longestlasting memory of all kinds. So, in the essay "By New Roads. Memory of Vasyl Perepeliuk” all ethnic symbols of Ukrainians: language, religion, customs, clothing, dishes have been represented. In the memory of Anna Leskiv-Kit “The Zakerson Fates. Memory of the village of Korchmyn” the problem of collective memory of Ukrainians, which was blocked in Soviet times has been highlighted. The author reveals the facts of struggle of members of URA for Ukrainian state independence. The memory reveals not only the facts of certain historical events, but also represents religiosity as one of the main spiritual and ethnic dimensions of Ukrainians. Margarita Pylypchuk's memory “How the past was lost” contains information about the times of the establishment of Soviet power, German occupation, emigrants’ life as well as ethnopsychological and spiritual-sacred characteristics of Ukrainians. The certain part of memories about religious holidays is complemented by the idea about holistic system of Ukrainian outlook. In the analyzed works the narrator, both as communicator and as direct participant of events, remembers and communicates to the recipient certain facts from his life and life of society: emigration and arrangement of everyday life; psychological experiences; ethnopsychological and mental-spiritual features of Ukrainian; soviet and diaspora reception for certain historical events and facts. In this way, the narrator, who also is the main hero of the memory, as communicator transmits memory about certain events, witness and participant of which he was himself. That is why the specificity of memoir literature is factuality, chronic reproduction of events, documentalism, certain subjectivism, motivation.