FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE EXPLANATORY TEXT SEGMENT

Abstract

Many scientists have addressed to the problem of the explanation and the explanatory structures of different levels. The reference exactly to the text segment, at the level of which the explanatory relation finds an expression, is based in the work on the position that the text is most closely approximated to the sentence among other syntactic units, therefore it is expedient to consider the defining features of intersentence relations in the text. In the article this approach allowed to trace the specifics of the text segment that is structured by the sentence explanatory relation, in particular the role of explanatory means of communication in the structuring of the text and the features of the combined parts. The peculiarities of functioning of the explanation at the text level have been clarified, namely, the features of the text segment as the explanatory structure and the frequency of speakers’ use of the explanation at the level of the complex syntactic unit have been determined, as well as the potential ability to form a certain opinion by means of the connection of several statements, which expand, specify, develop some meaning, the correlation of the content of the explanatory (second) component with the identical proportion of the explained in the analyzed constructions. In this article it is proved that the signs of a text segment as an explanatory structure are such formal features as: the presence of explain and explanatory parts of the text segment, which either both, or one of them can be quite common; the presence of conjunctions that signal the nature of the relation of components; closeness of the structure. And the ability of the explanation to function at the level of more complex syntactic formations, which are the texts of various functional styles (fiction, journalistic, scientific, speech), opens to the author wide possibilities for a detailed linguistic presentation of information with the greatest consideration of the needs of the listener and his background knowledge on the path to understanding.