SUICIDAL LITERARY PLOT: DISCUSSIONS AROUND THEMATIC METHODS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31494/2412-933X-2019-1-8-39-48Keywords:
suicide, suicidal literary plot, tragedy, literature, literary texts.Abstract
The phenomenon of suicide existed at all times and continues to exist at the present time. The problem of suicide is in the field of vision of philosophers, psychologists, physicians and sociologists. Literature is also not exception; suicidal themes are reflected in literary texts. Suicidal plot, that is, literary plots, which include suicidal scenes, suicidal thoughts, intentions and character’s behavior, can be found in the most ancient literary sources. One of the first works of antiquity, touching upon the problem of suicide, is a fragment from the Egyptian papyrus called "Conversation of the disappointed with his soul". In Europe, this work had a special interpretation and it was considered as an apology for “voluntary retirement”, “as an image of the superiority of understanding the rejection from the earthly life and its vices”. Speaking about the theme of suicide in literature we can’t help mentioning about the “Divine Comedy” by Dante Alighieri. This work was written at the beginning of the XIV century and now it is an immortal monument of world culture, embodied in a poetic form the idea of suicide of one of the great Christian religious teachers Thomas Aquinas. The special attention is paid to suicidal literary plot in which Lucretia, desecrated by Sextus Tarquinius, tells her husband and father about everything, and then kills herself with a knife. This event had historical consequences and led to the overthrow of power in Rome. For a long time in the Roman history Lucretia enjoyed respect and honor. Lucretia's suicide is also reflected in the literature. So, W. Shakespeare in 1593 wrote the poem "Lucretia", where the main hero, wanting to avoid shame, committed suicide. So we have come to the conclusion that in the mind of man suicide gradually became an attribute of free and independent person. The ancient tradition, as well as life itself, gave clues to creation of suicidal literary plots, and the tragedy genre has became the most popular in this regard. Playwrights inspired suicidal scenes in order to reflect the mood of tragedy, disappointment, confusion, as well as the disorientation of man of his time.
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