DIAGNOSTIC AND CONSULTATIVE ACTIVITY IN WORKING WITH CHILDREN WHO STUTTER

Abstract

The article provides a thorough analysis of stuttering as a multifaceted psychophysiological disorder characterized by the disorganization of the tempo-rhythmic structure of speech due to spasms of the articulatory apparatus. The authors emphasize the particular relevance of this problem within the modern realities of Ukraine and argue that under the conditions of military operations, stuttering has transformed from a localized speech therapy issue into a profound psychophysiological trauma. This shift necessitates a fundamental rethinking of existing correctional strategies. The theoretical basis of the research encompasses an examination of the etiology of the disorder through the prism of combining congenital sensitivity of the nervous system with exogenous psychotraumatic factors. The article details the classification of forms of stuttering and types of speech spasms. Special attention is paid to the systemic impact of stuttering on a child's personality, including the development of compensatory strategies and emotional instability. Central to the work is the substantiation of a model for diagnostic and consultative activity. It is proven that successful rehabilitation is based on a comprehensive examination that integrates clinical, psychological, and speech therapy aspects. The authors describe in detail the tasks of each stage: from the exclusion of organic lesions of the central nervous system by a neurologist to the in-depth study of the prosodic side of speech, motor skills, and sense of rhythm by a speech therapist. The role of the psychologist is defined in identifying the level of anxiety and correcting parent-child relationships as a key factor in stabilizing the child's condition. The practical significance of the article lies in the description of highly effective methods of vocal therapy and speech-rhythmics (logorhythmics). The mechanism of the influence of musical rhythm and singing on unblocking speech centers, normalizing breathing, and relieving muscle tension is revealed. The conclusions emphasize that overcoming stuttering is a multidisciplinary task. Only through the coordinated interaction of a team of specialists and the creation of an emotionally stable environment in the family is it possible to achieve stable remission, overcome communicative barriers, and ensure the full social integration of the child into society.